ARLA/CLUSTER: Exames e materias para estudo dos radioamadores nos
E.U.A.
João Costa > CT1FBF
ct1fbf gmail.com
Domingo, 27 de Novembro de 2011 - 23:14:52 WET
Equivalências entre as licenças e recomendações da CEPT, as classes nos
Estados Unidos e categorias actuais em Portugal:
- CEPT Radio Amateur Licence (Recomendação CEPT T/R 61-01), baseada na
Recomendação de exame CEPT T/R 61-02 corresponde nos EUA à Extra Class e em
Portugal à categoria 1.
- CEPT Novice Licence (Recomendação ECC/REC/(05)06), baseada na
Recomendação de exame ERC Report 32 corresponde nos EUA à General Class e
em Portugal à categoria 2.
- CEPT Entry Level Amateur Radio Licence, baseada na Recomendação de
exame ECC Report 89 equivalente nos EUA Ã Technician Class, em Portugal Ã
categoria 3.
Atenção para aceder a estes conteudos pode ser necessário estar registado
no www.qrz.com
*Practice Amateur Radio Exams*
2010 Technician Exam Practice Test
<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010>- or -
*study a specific sub-category * <javascript:void(0);>
*Subject categories for Technician pool 2010*
- *T1A* Amateur Radio services; purpose of the amateur service,
amateur-satellite service, operator/primary station license grant, where
FCC rules are codified, basis and purpose of FCC rules, meanings of basic
terms used in FCC rules <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T1A>
- *T1B* Authorized frequencies; frequency allocations, ITU regions,
emission type, restricted sub-bands, spectrum sharing, transmissions near
band edges <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T1B>
- *T1C* Operator classes and station call signs; operator classes,
sequential, special event, and vanity call sign systems, international
communications, reciprocal operation, station license licensee, places
where the amateur service is regulated by the FCC,
nam<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T1C>
- *T1D* Authorized and prohibited
transmissions<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T1D>
- *T1E* Control operator and control types; control operator required,
eligibility, designation of control operator, privileges and duties,
control point, local, automatic and remote control, location of control
operator <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T1E>
- *T1F* Station identification and operation standards; special
operations for repeaters and auxiliary stations, third party
communications, club stations, station security, FCC
inspection<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T1F>
- *T2A* Station operation; choosing an operating frequency, calling
another station, test transmissions, use of minimum power, frequency use,
band plans <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T2A>
- *T2B* VHF/UHF operating practices; SSB phone, FM repeater, simplex,
frequency offsets, splits and shifts, CTCSS, DTMF, tone squelch, carrier
squelch, phonetics <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T2B>
- *T2C* Public service; emergency and non-emergency operations, message
traffic handling <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T2C>
- *T3A* Radio wave characteristics; how a radio signal travels;
distinctions of HF, VHF and UHF; fading, multipath; wavelength vs.
penetration; antenna
orientation<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T3A>
- *T3B* Radio and electromagnetic wave properties; the electromagnetic
spectrum, wavelength vs. frequency, velocity of electromagnetic waves
<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T3B>
- *T3C* Propagation modes; line of sight, sporadic E, meteor, aurora
scatter, tropospheric ducting, F layer skip, radio
horizon<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T3C>
- *T4A* Station setup; microphone, speaker, headphones, filters, power
source, connecting a computer, RF
grounding<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T4A>
- *T4B* Operating controls; tuning, use of filters, squelch, AGC,
repeater offset, memory
channels<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T4B>
- *T5A* Electrical principles; current and voltage, conductors and
insulators, alternating and direct
current<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T5A>
- *T5B* Math for electronics; decibels, electronic units and the metric
system <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T5B>
- *T5C* Electronic principles; capacitance, inductance, current flow in
circuits, alternating current, definition of RF, power
calculations<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T5C>
- *T5D* Ohm?s Law <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T5D>
- *T6A* Electrical components; fixed and variable resistors, capacitors,
and inductors; fuses, switches,
batteries<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T6A>
- *T6B* Semiconductors; basic principles of diodes and
transistors<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T6B>
- *T6C* Circuit diagrams; schematic
symbols<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T6C>
- *T6D* Component functions <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T6D>
- *T7A* Station radios; receivers, transmitters,
transceivers<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T7A>
- *T7B* Common transmitter and receiver problems; symptoms of overload
and overdrive, distortion, interference, over and under modulation, RF
feedback, off frequency signals; fading and noise; problems with digital
communications interfaces <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T7B>
- *T7C* Antenna measurements and troubleshooting; measuring SWR, dummy
loads, feedline failure modes<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T7C>
- *T7D* Basic repair and testing; soldering, use of a voltmeter,
ammeter, and ohmmeter <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T7D>
- *T8A* Modulation modes; bandwidth of various
signals<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T8A>
- *T8B* Amateur satellite operation; Doppler shift, basic orbits,
operating protocols <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T8B>
- *T8C* Operating activities; radio direction finding, radio control,
contests, special event stations, basic linking over
Internet<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T8C>
- *T8D* Non-voice communications; image data, digital modes, CW, packet,
PSK31 <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T8D>
- *T9A* Antennas; vertical and horizontal, concept of gain, common
portable and mobile antennas, relationships between antenna length and
frequency <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T9A>
- *T9B* Feedlines; types, losses vs. frequency, SWR concepts, matching,
weather protection, connectors<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T9B>
- *T0A* AC power circuits; hazardous voltages, fuses and circuit
breakers, grounding, lightning protection, battery safety, electrical code
compliance <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T0A>
- *T0B* Antenna installation; tower safety, overhead power
lines<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T0B>
- *T0C* RF hazards; radiation exposure, proximity to antennas,
recognized safe power levels, exposure to
others<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=t2010:T0C>
2011 Exam Practice Test <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011> - or - *study
a specific sub-category * <javascript:void(0);>
*Subject categories for General pool 2011*
- *G1A* General Class control operator frequency privileges; primary and
secondary allocations <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G1A>
- *G1B* Antenna structure limitations; good engineering and good amateur
practice; beacon operation; restricted operation; retransmitting radio
signals <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G1B>
- *G1C* Transmitter power regulations; data emission
standards<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G1C>
- *G1D* Volunteer Examiners and Volunteer Examiner Coordinators;
temporary identification <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G1D>
- *G1E* Control categories; repeater regulations; harmful interference;
third party rules; ITU regions<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G1E>
- *G2A* Phone operating procedures; USB/LSB utilization conventions;
procedural signals; breaking into a QSO in progress; VOX
operation<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G2A>
- *G2B* Operating courtesy; band plans, emergencies, including drills
and emergency communications<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G2B>
- *G2C* CW operating procedures and procedural signals, Q signals and
common abbreviations; full break
in<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G2C>
- *G2D* Amateur Auxiliary; minimizing interference; HF
operations<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G2D>
- *G2E* Digital operating: procedures, procedural signals and common
abbreviations <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G2E>
- *G3A* Sunspots and solar radiation; ionospheric disturbances;
propagation forecasting and
indices<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G3A>
- *G3B* Maximum Usable Frequency; Lowest Usable Frequency;
propagation<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G3B>
- *G3C* Ionospheric layers; critical angle and frequency; HF scatter;
Near Vertical Incidence Sky
waves<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G3C>
- *G4A* Station Operation and
setup<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G4A>
- *G4B* Test and monitoring equipment; two-tone
test<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G4B>
- *G4C* Interference with consumer electronics; grounding;
DSP<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G4C>
- *G4D* Speech processors; S meters; sideband operation near band
edges<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G4D>
- *G4E* HF mobile radio installations; emergency and battery powered
operation <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G4E>
- *G5A* Reactance; inductance; capacitance; impedance; impedance
matching<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G5A>
- *G5B* The Decibel; current and voltage dividers; electrical power
calculations; sine wave root-mean-square (RMS) values; PEP
calculations<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G5B>
- *G5C* Resistors, capacitors and inductors in series and parallel;
transformers <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G5C>
- *G6A* Resistors; capacitors;
inductors<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G6A>
- *G6B* Rectifiers; solid state diodes and transistors; vacuum tubes;
batteries <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G6B>
- *G6C* Analog and digital integrated circuits (IC's); microprocessors;
memory; I/O devices; microwave IC's (MMIC's); display
devices<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G6C>
- *G7A* Power supplies; schematic
symbols<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G7A>
- *G7B* Digital circuits; amplifiers and
oscillators<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G7B>
- *G7C* Receivers and transmitters; filters,
oscillators<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G7C>
- *G8A* Carriers and modulation: AM; FM; single and double sideband;
modulation envelope;
overmodulation<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G8A>
- *G8B* Frequency mixing; multiplication; HF data communications;
bandwidths of various modes;
deviation<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G8B>
- *G9A* Antenna feed lines: characteristic impedance and attenuation;
SWR calculation, measurement and effects; matching
networks<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G9A>
- *G9B* Basic antennas <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G9B>
- *G9C* Directional antennas<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G9C>
- *G9D* Specialized antennas<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G9D>
- *G0A* RF safety principles, rules and guidelines; routine station
evaluation <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G0A>
- *G0B* Safety in the ham shack: electrical shock and treatment, safety
grounding, fusing, interlocks, wiring, antenna and tower
safety<http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=g2011:G0B>
2008 Extra Exam Practice Test <http://www.qrz.com/ht/?op=start&t=e2008> -
or - *study a specific sub-category * <javascript:void(0);>
Fonte:http://www.qrz.com/ht/
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