<div dir="ltr"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:medium"><tbody style="box-sizing:border-box"><tr style="box-sizing:border-box"><td style="box-sizing:border-box"><div id="gmail-story" style="box-sizing:border-box;width:618.667px;font-size:16px;height:auto;float:left"><h1 style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:16pt">Allied bombing in WW2 altered ionosphere</h1><p style="box-sizing:border-box">Research by <strong style="box-sizing:border-box">Professor Chris Scott</strong>, from the University of Reading, shows the impact on the Ionosphere of the Allied bombing raids over Europe during WW2 <br style="box-sizing:border-box"><br style="box-sizing:border-box">Chris says <em style="box-sizing:border-box">&quot;Each raid released the energy of at least 300 lightning strikes.&quot;<br style="box-sizing:border-box"></em><br style="box-sizing:border-box">Researchers studied daily records kept at the Radio Research Centre in Slough, UK. They looked at how the concentration of electrons changed in the upper atmosphere around the time of 152 Allied air raids in Europe.<br style="box-sizing:border-box"><br style="box-sizing:border-box">The data showed the concentration of electrons fell significantly when a bomb was detonated, which in turn heated the upper atmosphere. This caused a small but significant depletion in the ionosphere above Slough, even though the bombs were deployed hundreds of miles away.<br style="box-sizing:border-box"><br style="box-sizing:border-box">In his paper, the contribution of ground-based disturbances to ionospheric variability is investigated by considering the response of the ionospheric F2 layer over Slough, UK, to 152 major bombing raids over Europe during World War II. Download PDF from <br style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="https://www.ann-geophys.net/36/1243/2018/angeo-36-1243-2018.pdf" target="_blank" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(0,51,102);text-decoration-line:none">https://www.ann-geophys.net/36/1243/2018/angeo-36-1243-2018.pdf</a><br style="box-sizing:border-box"><br style="box-sizing:border-box">BBC News story <br style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-45655149" target="_blank" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(0,51,102);text-decoration-line:none">https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-45655149</a><br style="box-sizing:border-box"><br style="box-sizing:border-box">On Thursday, February 28, 2019 Chris Scott will be talking about his research to the Reading And District Amateur Radio Club <br style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://blog.radarc.org/calendar/events/" target="_blank" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(0,51,102);text-decoration-line:none">http://blog.radarc.org/calendar/events/</a></p></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>