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<p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font size="6" face="Arial"><b>Antena para 40 e 80 metros tipo W3DZZ</b></font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"> </p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial" size="2">Por PY4ZBZ   </font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"> </p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial">Eu tinha um dipolo para<span> </span><b>40 metros</b><span> </span>em V invertido, com duas vezes<span> </span><b>10,25 metros</b><span> </span>de fio de cobre de 2,5mm<sup>2</sup><span> </span>de secção. Resolvi transformá-lo em uma W3DZZ para poder funcionar também em<span> </span><b>80 metros</b>.</font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial">Essa antena equivale a um simples dipolo em 40 metros, pois os<span> </span><b>traps</b><span> </span>equivalem a um isolador (circuito LC paralelo na ressonância=impedância infinita). Em 80m, ela equivale a um dipolo encurtado com bobinas, pois nesta banda, os<span> </span><i>traps</i><span> </span>estão abaixo da ressonância e apresentam portanto uma reatância indutiva.</font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial"> Como não havia espaço suficiente para prolongar diretamente as pernas do V do dipolo de 40, fiz uma montagem em W (ou seria um M ? . Depende do ponto de vista, hi hi...), ligando os<span> </span><i>traps</i><span> </span>e os fios de 5,1 metros na ponta do V original para 40 m, mas seguindo outra direção, como pode ser visto nas figuras e foto seguintes:</font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"> </p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><img border="0" src="http://www.qsl.net/py4zbz/antenas/w3dzzzbzm.GIF" width="750" height="420"></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><img border="0" src="http://www.qsl.net/py4zbz/antenas/trap3.JPG" width="570" height="391"></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial">A figura seguinte mostra a parte ativa da antena, como 3 vistas, feitas no MMANA:</font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><img border="0" src="http://www.qsl.net/py4zbz/antenas/w3dzzzbz1.GIF" width="750" height="420"></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"> </p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial">Os<span> </span><i>traps<span> </span></i>(circuitos LC ressonantes paralelos), assim como a antena como um todo, foram calculados com o<span> </span><a href="http://www.qsl.net/py4zbz/antenas/antenas.htm">MMANA</a>, de acordo com o espaço físico disponível, de forma a não gastar mais de 5,5 metros de fio para a extensão de 80 metros. </font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial">O<span> </span><a href="http://www.qsl.net/py4zbz/antenas/vinvert4080zbz.maa">arquivo<span> </span><i><b>&quot;vinvert4080zbz.maa&quot;</b></i><span> </span>para o MMANA está aqui</a>. </font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial">A simulação, feita por tentativa-erro, permitiu determinar as características dos<span> </span><i>traps</i>:<span> </span><b>20,4 µH<span> </span></b>e<b><span> </span>24,6 pF</b>. </font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial">O numero de espiras, baseado na indutância desejada e nos diâmetros da forma e do fio, e da espessura do isolante do fio, também foi calculado com o MMANA, como mostra a figura seguinte:</font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><img border="0" src="http://www.qsl.net/py4zbz/antenas/coil1.GIF" width="567" height="380"></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial">A indutância de<span> </span><b>20,4 µH</b><span> </span>foi feita sobre um tubo em PVC de<span> </span><b>40 mm<span> </span></b>de diâmetro externo,  com<span> </span><b>41 espiras</b><span> </span>de fio de cobre isolado de 1,5 mm<sup>2<span> </span></sup>de secção. O enrolamento todo, com espiras sem espaçamento, ocupa 11,2 cm, como pode ser visto na foto seguinte. O tubo de PVC tem 16 cm de comprimento:</font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><img border="0" src="http://www.qsl.net/py4zbz/antenas/trap1.JPG" width="670" height="390"></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial">O capacitor de <span> </span><b>24 pF</b><span> </span>foi feito com um pedaço de cabo coaxial, que pode ser visto na foto anterior. Ele tem a blindagem ligada em um lado da bobina. O condutor interno, da outra ponta do cabo, é ligado ao outro lado da bobina. O cabo é colocado dentro da bobina. A foto seguinte mostra os detalhes:</font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><img border="0" src="http://www.qsl.net/py4zbz/antenas/trap2.JPG" width="570" height="370"></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"> </p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><b><font face="Arial" size="5">Ajustes:</font></b></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial"><b>1</b><span> </span>- Primeiro deve ser feito o ajuste do dipolo para 40m, sem os<span> </span><i>traps</i><span> </span>e fios para 80m.</font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial"><b>2</b><span> </span>- O ajuste fino da freqüência de ressonância em<span> </span><b>7,1 MHz dos<span> </span><i>traps</i><span> </span></b>é feito cortando aos poucos parte da blindagem do capacitor coaxial e verificando a ressonância com um<span> </span><b><i>grid-dip meter</i></b>, sem mais nenhum fio ligado nos<span> </span><i>traps.<span> </span></i>No meu caso, deve ter ficado com aproximadamente 19 pF, pois ficou com uns 18 cm de blindagem (102 pF/m para o cabo usado, um RG58). Essa redução em relação ao valor teórico de 24 pF se deve à capacitância entre espiras da própria bobina.</font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial"><b>3</b><span> </span>- O ajuste fino da freqüência de ressonância da antena em 80 metros é feito ajustando-se o comprimento dos fios apos os<i><span> </span>traps</i>: iniciei com 5,5 metros, e cortando aos poucos em cada um, finalizei em 5,1 metros, para ressonância desejada de<span> </span><b>3,7 MHz.</b></font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"> </p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial" size="4"><b>Observações:</b></font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial">As figuras seguintes mostram o comportamento teórico da ROE (SWR) da antena, em 40 e 80 metros, calculado pelo<span> </span><a href="http://www.qsl.net/py4zbz/antenas/antenas.htm">MMANA</a>:</font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><img border="0" src="http://www.qsl.net/py4zbz/antenas/w3dzzzbz2.GIF" width="600" height="750"></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial">É claro que em 80 metros, a banda passante é estreita, pois nesta faixa, a antena equivale a um dipolo encurtado com bobinas. (em 80m, os<span> </span><i>traps</i><span> </span>se comportam como simples indutores). Mas um sintonizador de antenas permite operar em toda a banda, sem problemas.</font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"> </p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial">É óbvio que a antena pode ser montada de outras maneiras, por exemplo toda reta, o que é melhor, ou qualquer outra, de acordo com o espaço e formas de sustentação disponíveis. De qualquer forma, deverá ser feito um ajuste fino para obter cada uma das freqüências de ressonância desejadas.</font></p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"> </p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"> </p><p align="center" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;font-size:medium;font-style:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial"><font face="Arial">73 e bons DX !</font></p>

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