ARLA/CLUSTER: Albarde-se o Burro á vontade do seu Dono.

[João Gonçalves Costa]

Caros Colegas,

Mais uma vez a ANACOM, "inovou", alem de colocar repetidores digitais localizados relativamente próximos na mesma frequência, podendo inviabilizar as comunicações ao provocar fortes "droputs", impossibilitando a descodificação de sinais mesmo com os mais fortes; também "inovou" na designação da emissão.

Ao que sei, informou que a Designação da Emissão dos Repetidores é 11K0F1D para repetidores D-Star em
70cm. Infelizmente, esta Designação está quanto a mim errada, pois não contempla a emissão em Voz Digital, restringindo o seu uso a Dados, unicamente.

Independentemente da Largura máxima da faixa do sinal poder ser de 11kHz, estando os equipamentos a trabalhar a 6kHz em FM; em 70 cm assim como em 2m e vulgarmente em D-STAR, existe simultaneamente a combinação de voz e dados em mais que um canal. Assim, em 2m, 70cm e em 23cm, existem emissões em DV(Digital Voice) + DD(Digital Data)simultâneas. No caso de somente Dados(DD), existe um repetidor especifico que opera exclusivamente em 23cm.

A designação oficial dos Modos de comunicação para emissões em D-Star, reconhecidas pela União Internacional das Telecomunicações (UIT / ITU), são as seguintes:

Modo DV: 6K00F7W
(modo DV (Voz Digital):6K00 = largura da faixa de sinal, 6kHz / F = Modulação de Frequência / 7 = Mais do que um canal contem informação digital / W = Combinação de diferentes tipos : voz, dados, etc, por Multiplexagem no tempo e na frequência.

Modo DD: 150KF1D
((modo DD (Dados Digitais):150K = Largura da faixa de sinal, 150kHz / F = Modulação de Frequência / 1 = Somente um canal contem informação Digital /D = Transmissão de dados sem emprego de uma sub portadora modulante). O Modo DD poderá ser utilizado em 1,2 GHz exclusivamente.


Aconselho vivamente o ICP-ANACOM a consultar, por exemplo:

- Contents of the Radio Regulations ( http://life.itu.ch/radioclub/rr/frr.htm )

- Coordination Application Instructions Rev C -
( http://www.arcc-inc.org/CoordinationApplicationInstructionsRev_C.pdf )

- Modification de la réglementation : Demande d'ajout de quatre nouveaux types de modulation pour D-Star et APCO25: (http://f1shs.free.fr/blog/index.php?2008/05/28/63-quatre-nouveaux-modes-pour-d-star-et-apco25


Do Segundo volume de "Contents of the Radio Regulations" intitulado:"The Appendices",em APPENDIX 1 "Classification of emissions and necessary bandwidths" subtrai-se este resumo, tendo por base a Recommendation ITU-R SM.1138.


The ITU Emission Designation agreed system for classifying radio frequency signals.

International Telecommunication Union uses an internationally agreed system for classifying radio frequency signals. Each type of radio emission is classified according to its bandwidth, method of modulation, nature of the modulating signal, and type of information transmitted on the carrier signal. It is based on characteristics of the signal, not on the transmitter used.

An emission designation is of the form BBBB 123 45, where BBBB is the bandwidth of the signal, 1 is a letter indicating the type of modulation used, 2 is a digit representing the type of modulating signal, 3 is a letter corresponding to the type of information transmitted, 4 is a letter indicating the practical details of the transmitted information, and 5 is a letter that represents the method of multiplexing. The 4 and 5 fields are optional.


[BBBB] Bandwidth
The bandwidth is expressed as three digits and a letter that occupies the position normally used for a decimal point. The letter indicates what unit of frequency is used to express the bandwidth. H indicates hertz, K indicates kilohertz, M indicates megahertz, and G indicates gigahertz. For instance, "500H" means 500 Hz, and "2M50" means 2.5 MHz.

[1] Type of modulation
N       Unmodulated carrier
A       Double-sideband amplitude modulation (e.g. AM broadcast radio)
H       Single-sideband with full carrier (e.g. as used by CHU)
R       Single-sideband with reduced or variable carrier
J       Single-sideband with suppressed carrier (e.g. Shortwave utility and amateur stations)
B       Independent sideband (two sidebands containing different signals)
C       Vestigial sideband (e.g. NTSC)
F       Frequency modulation (e.g. FM broadcast radio)
G       Phase modulation
D       Combination of AM and FM or PM
P       Sequence of pulses without modulation
K       Pulse amplitude modulation
L       Pulse width modulation (e.g. as used by WWVB)
M       Pulse position modulation
Q       Sequence of pulses, phase or frequency modulation within each pulse
V       Combination of pulse modulation methods
W       Combination of any of the above
X       None of the above

[2]Type of modulating signal
0       No modulating signal
1       One channel containing digital information, no subcarrier
2       One channel containing digital information, using a subcarrier
3       One channel containing analogue information
7       More than one channel containing digital information
8       More than one channel containing analogue information
9       Combination of analogue and digital channels
X       None of the above

[3]Type of transmitted information
N       No transmitted information
A       Aural telegraphy, intended to be decoded by ear, such as Morse code
B       Electronic telegraphy, intended to be decoded by machine (Radioteletype digital modes)
C       Facsimile (Still images)
D       Telemetry or Telecommand (Remote control or data collection)
E       Telephony (voice or music intended to be listened to by a human)
F       Video (television signals)
W       Combination of any of the above
X       None of the above

[4]Details of information
A       Two-condition code, elements vary in quantity and duration
B       Two-condition code, elements fixed in quantity and duration
C       Two-condition code, elements fixed in quantity and duration, error-correction included
D       Four-condition code, one condition per "signal element"
E       Multi-condition code, one condition per "signal element"
F       Multi-condition code, one character represented by one or more conditions
G       Monophonic broadcast-quality sound
H       Stereophonic or quadraphonic broadcast-quality sound
J       Commercial-quality sound (non-broadcast)
K       Commercial-quality sound-frequency inversion and-or "band-splitting" employed
L       Commercial-quality sound, independent FM signals, such as pilot tones, used to control the demodulated signal
M       Greyscale images or video
N       Full-color images or video
W       Combination of two or more of the above
X       None of the above

[5]Multiplexing
N       None used
C       Code-division (excluding spread spectrum)
F       Frequency-division
T       Time-division
W       Combination of Frequency-division and Time-division
X       None of the above


João Costa
CT1FBF